William and Catherine Gladstone Statesman. Born December 29 Died May 19 His gravestone, with brass letters and a cross at the base, was put in after the death of his wife and reads: Here are buried William Ewart Gladstone Born Dec 29 Born Jan 6 Matthew 14 volumes The Gladstones, a family biography by S.
Checkland, British royal and state funerals, music and ceremonial since Elizabeth I, by M. Range History of Parliament online for John and Thomas. William Gladstone. William and Catherine Gladstone grave. Related commemorations See all commemorations. Charles Buller Sir George Cornewall Lewis Richard Cobden Sir Herbert Edwardes Adrian Hope By , he was Prime Minister. Gladstone served as Liberal Prime Minister four times , , , In , he split the Liberal Party by supporting Home Rule for Ireland, and, after the defeat of the Home Rule Bill in , he argued for the reform of the House of Lords in order to pass it.
He died on 19 May and was given a state funeral at Westminster Abbey. Connect with the University of Nottingham through social media and our blogs. Campus maps More contact information Jobs. Manuscripts and Special Collections.
Print Email this Page. He was president of the Oxford Union and denounced the Parliamentary Reform Bill in a speech in Gladstone graduated in December , and a parliamentary career followed a brief sojourn in Italy in He, who was to become the great Liberal leader, was originally elected as a Tory from the pocket borough of Newark, and his major interest at the beginning was the Church of England, which he had seriously considered as a career.
His maiden speech in June was a defense of West Indian slave owners with examples drawn from his father's plantations. In he married Catherine Glynne; the marriage was a happy one and gave to Gladstone important connections with the old Whig aristocracy.
The s saw Gladstone begin his move from right to left in politics. This meant a shift from High Tory Conservative to Liberal and a change in primary interest from defending High Church Anglicans to a concentration on financial reform. This change in Gladstone's outlook came in Sir Robert Peel's ministry of , in which Gladstone served as vice president and finally as president of the Board of Trade. The budget of was a move toward free trade with duties on hundreds of articles repealed or reduced, and Gladstone contributed much to this new tariff schedule.
He resigned in on a religious issue—the increased grant to the Roman Catholic Maynooth College in Ireland—but returned to office in the same year as secretary of state for the colonies. The Corn Law repeal brought the Peel ministry down in and temporarily ended Gladstone's political career.
At the same time Gladstone severed his connections with Newark, which was controlled by the protectionist Duke of Newcastle, and in was elected member of Parliament for the University of Oxford. On the death of Peel in Gladstone moved to a new position of strength in the ranks of the Peelites Tory liberals.
His brilliant speech in attacking the budget proposed by Benjamin Disraeli brought about the fall of Lord Derby's government, and Gladstone became chancellor of the Exchequer in a coalition government headed by Lord Aberdeen. He could now apply his considerable financial talents to the economic policies of the nation, but this opportunity was curbed by the Crimean War, which Britain formally entered in The laissez-faire budget of was nevertheless a classic budget in the British commitment to economic liberalism.
Gladstone's religious views were also growing more liberal, more tolerant of Nonconformists and Roman Catholics.
Gladstone was clearly shaken by the Oxford movement and the conversion of some of his Oxford friends among them Henry Manning to Roman Catholicism. This experience, however, served to broaden his understanding and respect for individual conscience. A trip to Naples , where he witnessed the terrible poverty in the reactionary Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, also helped turn him away from his innate Toryism, and the conversion to liberalism was complete.
In the s and s Gladstone moved toward a position of leadership in a newly formulated Liberal party. He had served as chancellor of the Exchequer in Lord Palmerston's coalition government , but following the death of Palmerston in , a realignment of the parties took shape which saw the old Tory and Whig labels replaced by Conservative and Liberal.
Thus the Peelites and the Whig Liberals came together in a new party under Gladstone's leadership. He introduced a bill in to expand the parliamentary electorate, but it failed. Disraeli then scooped the Liberals with his famous "Leap in the Dark" Reform Bill of , which passed, enfranchising most of the adult males in the urban working class. But Disraeli's "Tory Democracy" did not return immediate dividends at the polls.
In the election of Gladstone and the Liberals were returned with a comfortable majority. Gladstone's first Cabinet was one of the most talented and most successful of the four he headed; he considered it "one of the finest instruments of government that ever were constructed. The universities and the army were two of the targets. The removal of the religious tests for admission to Oxford and Cambridge and the abolition of the purchase of commissions in the army were liberal victories of The Education Act of , which provided for the creation of board schools at the elementary level, was the first step in the construction of a national education system.
Competitive exams were introduced for most departments of the civil service in the same year.
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